One of the most striking symbols of Bhutan's cultural identity is the dzong - a unique fortress-monastery that serves both religious and administrative functions. These massive structures are centuries old, yet still in active use today.
Dzongs are not just historical monuments - they're living spaces where monks chant, kings rule, and festivals come alive. Their whitewashed walls, red roofs, and deep courtyards are iconic features of Bhutan's skyline.
Here’s a guide to the most important dzongs to visit in Bhutan.
Here’s a guide to the most important dzongs to visit in Bhutan.
What Is a Dzong?
- A dzong is a fortified complex that combines a monastery and a government center
- Most were built in the 17th century to protect against Tibetan invasions
- They feature thick stone walls, massive courtyards, and temples with ornate woodwork and murals
- Today, dzongs host local monks, administrative offices, and annual festivals (Tshechus)
Entry is generally allowed for tourists during working hours, though some areas may be restricted during religious rituals.
Must-Visit Dzongs in Bhutan
1. Punakha Dzong
- The most beautiful and iconic dzong in Bhutan
- Sits at the confluence of the Pho Chhu and Mo Chhu rivers
- Surrounded by blooming jacaranda trees in spring
- Hosts royal weddings and Punakha Tshechu
Nickname: "The Palace of Great Happiness"
2. Paro Rinpung Dzong
- Overlooks Paro Valley with striking architecture
- Known for its annual Paro Tshechu, featuring masked dances
- Connected by a picturesque wooden cantilever bridge
Home to both monastic and district administration offices
3. Tashichho Dzong (Thimphu)
- Seat of Bhutan's civil government and summer residence of the central monk body
- Also houses the office of the King
- Beautifully lit in the evenings
- Close to Memorial Chorten and other Thimphu landmarks
4. Trongsa Dzong
- Largest dzong in Bhutan, built on a ridge with layers of stairways and courtyards
- Strategically located in central Bhutan - once the seat of power for Bhutan’s royal ancestors
- Overlooks the Mangde River
5. Wangdue Phodrang Dzong
- Located at the junction of two rivers in Wangdue
- Recently rebuilt after a fire, with modern conservation techniques
- Often combined with trips to Gangtey or Phobjikha
6. Simtokha Dzong
- The oldest dzong in Bhutan, built in 1629
- Small but historically important
- Located just outside Thimphu on the way to Dochula Pass
What Makes Bhutanese Dzongs Unique?
- No nails or blueprints - Built with traditional methods
- Every dzong has spiritual murals and symbols
- Used today for both religious practice and governance
- Each dzong hosts a yearly festival (Tshechu) drawing locals and tourists alike
Visitor Tips
- Dress modestly when entering a dzong (no sleeveless tops or shorts)
- Remove hats and shoes when entering temple areas
- Ask your guide before taking photos inside
- Walk clockwise around religious monuments and prayer wheels
- Some dzongs close early - plan morning visits
Experience Bhutan Through Its Dzongs
Dzongs are not just tourist sites - they are Bhutan's heartbeat. Visiting them helps you understand the country's deep connection between faith, art, history, and daily life. Every corridor has a story, every courtyard a blessing.
